Ethiopia garment industry the sourcing for apparel retailers have never been so diverse. Postharvest loss and quality deterioration of horticultural. Ethiopian investment agency for instance, hot pepper berebere of ethiopia is a must for the traditional. This guide therefore targets the production of hot pepper in st. Ethiopia alaba and the mareko are potential producers of pepper in ethiopia. Abundant hot chilli pepper harvest in batangas allied. Hot peppers, capsicum chinense, are members of the genus capsi cum and the family solanaceae that include tomato and egg plant. Growth and productivity of hot pepper capsicum annuum l. Main season, determinate roma tomato that is widely adapted. The most commonly grown varieties of hot pepper include fresno. Pesticide applicators tests are usually administered at county extension offices, so you should contact your local office for dates and times of these examinations. Most coffee in ethiopia is produced by smallholder farmers. Hot pepper is the most important worldwide grown and consumed spice and vegetable crop. Policies and incentives of the government to attract both foreign and domestic investors engaged in fruit and vegetable production were found to be attractive.
Tomato production in ethiopia as well as in amhara region is. Hot pepper is one of the vegetable crops which serves as spices, vegetables, cash crop and ensures food security as a result of its income generating crop. Therefore, it can be recommended to use melka awaze variety for production by growers in the study area. An overview of horticultural crops with emphasis on vegetables production in ethiopia a country report. The hot pepper varieties included in the field experiment were three improved mareko fana, melka shote, melka.
May 21, 2019 to improve this problem, integration of modern technologies with improved level of efficiency becomes more crucial. Hot pepper production in the rift valley part of ethiopia time to create awareness among farmers and researchers tameru alemu, joachim hamacher, heinzwilhelm dehne university of bonn, institute for plant disease, germany abstract hot pepper capsicum annuum is an economically and traditionally important crop in ethiopia. Performance of hot pepper cupsicum annuum varieties as influenced by nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers at bure, upper watershed of the blue nile in northwestern ethiopia 1amare tesfaw, nigussie dechassa2 and kebede wt sadik3 1lecturer agr. Performance of hot pepper cupsicum annuum varieties as. The csa report of meher season data and productivity for some. Evaluation and selection of introduced and released hot pepper capsicum annuum l. Though hybrid breeding has been proposed for genetic improvement in the crop, but there is lack of information on heterosis in crosses among crop genotypes in ethiopia.
The national production of green and dry hot pepper was 2,541,883. This guide is provided to assist growers in getting the most of the pepper fertilizer to produce optimum yields our crop guides, including this pepper guide, are a fulfillment of our commitment to knowledge sharing. Peppercorn or pepper has wide applications in the culinary industry where three different. Opportunities and potential in ethiopia for production of. Tomatoes and peppers timothy coolong department of horticulture university of kentucky. Economics, horticulture, debre markos university, ethiopia. Hot pepper has been cultivated in ethiopia for long period of time. This study presents qualitative and quantitative postharvest losses of tomato. It is the leading vegetable crop produced in the country. An alternative enterprise for small scale farmers author.
Pdf hot pepper production and marketing in southwest. The case of gursum district, oromia regional state, ethiopia hot pepper is one of the vegetable crops which serves as spices, vegetables, cash crop and ensures food security as a result of its income generating crop. Fao statistical pocketbook 2015 food and agriculture organization of the united nations, rome, 2015. Fruits are large, uniform and blocky, maturing to a deepred color with great firmness at the red stage. Storing fruits and vegetables in cas can affect their subsequent shelflife. This manual describes the best practices in all aspects of commercial hot pepper production and postharvest handling, utilising materials, technologies and support services that are generally available to the caribbean producer. Search for countries, types, and key terms by typing into the search field. The study was conducted in 2015 in two districts bora and dugda located in east shewa zone of oromia national regional state, ethiopia, located southeast of. Yield losses of crops due to plant diseases in ethiopia 2001 dereje gorfu.
Hot pepper is a widely grown vegetable, spice and condiment crop in ethiopia, whose fruits are. Review of the status of vegetable crops production and marketing in ethiopia. The top countries of supplier is china, from which the percentage of flour mill ethiopia supply is 99% respectively. Pdf in order to identify the performance of hot pepper capsicum annum l. Contribution of hot pepper production to household food. Pepper is the leading vegetable crop produced in the country. Similarly, the national production of green and red hot pepper was 412,503. Heterosis and heritability in crosses among asian and. For example, bell pepper fruits exhibited suppressed co 2 production and o 2 consumption for at least 24 h after transfer to air. The guide contains extensive plant nutrition knowledge we have accumulated over the years, all for the benefit of growers. This study was initiated with the objective of examining the existing hot pepper production and marketing, assess its socioeconomic role in the life of producers and other actors and point out the. Hot pepper chili dominates todays world spice trade, and sweet pepper has become a popular vegetable in the.
Fao statistical pocketbook 2015 world food and agriculture. Many of the pesticides required for pepper production are restricteduse pesticides and require a pesticide license to purchase. The average land covering by spices is approximately 222,700 ha and the production 244,000 tonannum. A lot of changes have been taking place in the global garment industry.
In ethiopia, pepper is consumed in different forms and it. Therefore, this study tries to fill the gap by investigating efficiency variations and factors affecting technical efficiency of red pepper production in north gondar zone amhara regional state, ethiopia. The most commonly grown varieties of hot pepper include fresno, anaheim, long red cayenne, jalapeno and african birds eye chili. Post harvest handling postharvest management practices that reduce product loss to spoilage or shrinkage will reduce microbial risks. Thus, it is not surprising that policy action in ethiopia is largely based on influencing the dynamism of the agricultural sector. Vietnam and bangladesh are being developed strongly but still the wage bomb is. The annual agricultural reports of ethiopia 19571960 and 1969 show that, the production of green pepper increased greatly from 99 tons in 1957 to 8, 482 tons in 1968 table20. International journal of science and research ijsr is published as a monthly journal with 12 issues per year. Assessment of hot pepper capsicum species diseases in. Technical efficiency of smallholder farmers in red pepper.
An overview of horticultural crops with emphasis on. One of the structural development problems of ethiopia is the increasing trade deficit. Screening for resistance sources in local and exotic hot. The big list of hot peppers includes scoville rating, detailed description, and photos of each pepper click on each pepper for even more info. Virtually every country in the world produces pepper. In ethiopia, red pepper is cultivated in many parts of the country and it is an. Adding that it is twice as hot as the thai hot pepper, and is now being sold and accepted by major food processors in the country for the production of various hot sauces. According to the world bank, between 1980 and 1987, agricultural production dropped at an annual rate of 2. Sheka and bench maji zones are well known for their diverse and suitable agroecology for the production of high value horticultural crops such as coffee, spices and tea. Peppers are widely grown in various parts of ethiopia and the fruits are consumed as fresh, dried or processed products, as vegetables, as spices or condiments. An analysis of supply side constraints on ethiopian red pepper and. This study was made from september 2010 to june 2011 in omo nada and gojeb area which are widely known for their large volume hot pepper production in southwest ethiopia.
For his part, mondragon said the pinatubo f1 variety is a pungent hybrid hot pepper that can be used either for fresh or for processing. Anaheim, long red cayenne, jalapeno and african birds eye chili. Notably, it is a referred, highly indexed, online international journal with high impact factor. Enhancement of cassava production in ethiopia through. Evaluation and selection of introduced and released hot. From among the four study zones, west shewa zone followed by gurage zone are the major vegetable producers both in area ha and amount of production. The assessment on the causes of postharvest loss and quality deterioration of horticultural crops was carried out in dire dawa administration from march 2011 to december 2012 in the eleven randomly selected representatives peasant associations. According to csa 2008, the estimated production of red peppers at the national level, in the amhara region and west gojjam zone was 122,399. Sentayehu 3 1wolaita sodo university college of agriculture, department of horticulture, wolaita sodo, ethiopia. The total area devoted to hot pepper worldwide is estimated at four million hectare with an average annual increase of 5% weiss, 2002. The fine powdered pungent product is an indispensable flavoring and coloring ingredient in the common. Increase in the importance of ethiopian pepper mottle virus. The residual respiratory inhibition in bell peppers is found to be due to a reduction in the mitochondrial oxidative capacity and not due. Hot pepper chili dominates world spice trade, and sweet pepper has become a popular vegetable and cash crop in the tropics for smallholders.
Ethiopia angola turkmenistan 0 10 20 percent countries with highest values. Hot pepper is a warm season vegetable, but can be grown under a wide range of temperatures 15c 32c and moisture conditions. Although quantitative evidence is limited, postharvest loss in tomato is considerably high. Evaluation and selection of introduced and released hot pepper. Hot pepper is the leading vegetable crop produced in the ethiopia. Commercial pepper production handbook horticulture. As a result, the history of spice use in ethiopia is an ancient one and spices have always been and remain as basic food items in the diet of the ethiopian people. Full length research paper organic farming and sustainable. Participatory adaptation of hot pepper capsicum species varieties for green pod production under irrigation condition reducing land degradation and farmers vulnerability to limate change in the highland dry areas of northwestern ethiopia technical report of experimental activities june 2016 implemented by in collaboration with. Overall, the application of onefourth of the recommended np fertilizer 2511 kg np ha. Enhancing productivity of pepper capsicum annuum l. Its pungent smell, peppery hot taste and health friendly properties make pepper a favorite spice all over the world and it is commonly used in all cuisines.
Although hot pepper production is important source of income of households, systematic and rigors analysis of its contribution to households food security has not been done in gursum district. In this regards, the production of cash crops like hot pepper, groundnut and other marketoriented crops is indispensable. Integrated soil fertility management reduces termite. The crop is widely grown in an altitude ranging from 14001900 meters above sea level under rain fed and irrigated conditions. Cultivars with elongatedfruit with mildly to highly pungent types are the most preferred. To determine the growth and productivity of hot pepper capsicum annuum l. The case of gursum district, oromia regional state, ethiopia.
The diverse climatic conditions of ethiopia are suitable for the production of different type of red peppers in different areas of the country. Ethiopia angola turkmenistan 0 10 20 percent countries with highest values countries with lowest values chart 8. Pdf performance evaluation of hot pepper capsicum annum l. This book provides a step by step guide to production of pepper with much emphasis on out door conditions. The bulk of pepper produced in the united states is sweet pepper, but hot peppers dominate in other countries. The history of spices in ethiopia is an ancient one and spices remain as basic food items of the ethiopian people.
Although hot pepper production is important source of income of households, systematic and rigors analysis of its contribution to households food security has not been done in. Hot pepper varietal evaluation for growth, dry pod yield and. Growth and yielding potential of hot pepper varieties. Participatory adaptation of hot pepper capsicum species. Aided by technological breakthroughs in these fields, china has become the largest base for hybrid hot sweet pepper seed production in the world. Its organized in sections that include introduction, use of external inputs in crop production, major crops grown, agroecological zones in ethiopia, and implications for crop and pest management and finally outline some conclusions. With respect to chili peppers, ethiopia is among the top10 largest producers in the world. In the study areas, tomato, onion, hot pepper, and potato are widely grown. Globally, pepper production exceeds 14 million metric tons. Vincent and the grenadines in a sustainable manner conducive to the principles of good agricultural practices gaps. Yield losses of crops due to plant diseases in ethiopia. Germplasm dissemination by avrdc the world vegetable center.
Vallad botany and planting bell pepper capsicum annuum, solanaceae. Fertilizer consumption in nutrients per ha of arable land 2002 to 2012 0 30 60 90. A wide variety of flour mill ethiopia options are available to you, there are 310 suppliers who sells flour mill ethiopia on, mainly located in asia. Performance of hot pepper cupsicum annuum varieties as influenced by nitrogen and phosphorus. Its pungent smell, pepperyhot taste and health friendly properties make pepper a favorite spice all over the world and it is commonly used in all cuisines.
Medium to large, vigorous plant that provides good fruit cover and sets well in hot temperatures. A field experiment involving three improved hot pepper capsicum spps. Technology for hybrid hot sweet pepper seed production in. Pdf hot pepper production and marketing in southwest ethiopia. California is the leading producer of sweet peppers in the united states. Caribbean hot pepper production and post harvest manual. Pepper is the main parts of the daily diet of most ethiopian dennis, 20. Despite the benefits of pepper and the increasing demand in ethiopia, the hot pepper production both in. Pepper or black pepper is the dried unripe fruit grown in the plant called piper nigrum. Therefore, we recommend adoption of the integrated use of manure and np fertilizer to prevent soil degradation and reduce. Full length research paper organic farming and sustainable development in ethiopia rani devi1, ashok kumar3 and bishaw deboch2 1department of energy and environmental sciences, ch. The history of pepper in ethiopia is perhaps the most ancient than the history of any other vegetable. Historically, hot peppers were grown in the region primarily for domestic. Technical efficiency of smallholder farmers in red pepper production.
The past history of pepper in ethiopia is possibly the most earliest than any other vegetable product. Ethiopian investment agency for instance, hot pepper berebere of ethiopia is a must for the traditional and most staple food wot in many parts of the country. The history of pepper in ethiopia is perhaps the most ancient than. Ethiopia is located in the north eastern part of the african continent or what is known as the. Characterization of pre and postharvest losses of tomato. Performance evaluation of hot pepper capsicum annum l. Ethiopia is the homeland for many spices, for example korarima, long pepper, black cumin, bishops weed and coriander. Hot pepper production and marketing in southwest ethiopia. Ppt ethiopia powerpoint presentation free to view id. Also cabbages and other brassica species rank high in ethiopia, with 395,000 tons produced annually. Below you will find all peppers sorted by heat in scovilles. The past history of pepper in ethiopia is possibly the most earliest than any other vegetable product 4. Among the five cultivated species of the genus capsicum, c. Oct 03, 2014 in southern region of ethiopia the total area covered with pepper and total production in years 20052008 were 37562 ha and 27352 tons, respectively and the productivity of pepper in snnpr was 0.
Outline plant water relations irrigation systems didrip ii tiirrigation irrigation management. Ethiopians have strong attachment to red pepper, which has high value principally for its high pungency. Technology for hybrid hot sweet pepper seed production. Value added in agriculture as share of gdp 0 5 10 15 2000 2005 2010 percent africa asia europe latin america and the caribbean oceania 6. Hot pepper plant with ripe and green berries source cardi marketing trade in caribbean hot pepper and hot pepper products hot pepper is an important nontraditional crop in the caribbean where it is utilised domestically in fresh and processed forms.
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